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James Newlands
James Newlands (28 July 1813 – 15 July 1871), was a Scottish civil engineer who worked in Liverpool as the first Borough Engineer appointed in the United Kingdom, and is credited with designing and implementing the first integrated sewerage system in the world in 1848.
==Early life==
He was born in Edinburgh, the third of nine children of Thomas Newlands, a ropemaker, and Janet Mckay. After studying mathematics and natural philosophy at Edinburgh University, Newlands became apprenticed (c. 1827) to Edinburgh Corporation architect, Thomas Brown, and then worked for Professor Low of the University's school of agriculture.〔''Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers''〕 He married in 1845, was widowed in 1848 and never remarried, living in his later years with his sister, Jessie.
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